Key Takeaways
- FSFL rates are tied to the CCC (Commodity Credit Corporation) borrowing rate — typically the lowest rate of any farm loan program
- You do not need to be unable to obtain commercial credit — any producer growing eligible commodities can apply
- 15% down payment is required; the remaining 85% is financed by USDA
- Storage must be located on your farm — commercial off-site storage does not qualify
- Approved commodities include corn, soybeans, wheat, sorghum, cotton, peanuts, pulse crops, hay, and more
What Is the FSFL Program?
The Farm Storage Facility Loan program is administered by the USDA Farm Service Agency and designed to help producers store eligible commodities on their farms. By storing grain on-site rather than in commercial elevators, farmers gain more flexibility to market their crops when prices are favorable — rather than selling at harvest when prices may be depressed.
The FSFL stands apart from other FSA loan programs in two important ways: it carries the lowest interest rate of any USDA farm loan (tied to the CCC borrowing rate), and it does not require you to demonstrate that you can't obtain credit elsewhere. If you produce an eligible commodity and have a farm where storage will be built, you're broadly eligible.
What You Can Finance
FSFL covers a wide range of on-farm storage infrastructure. Eligible facilities and equipment include:
- Grain bins and silos (hopper-bottom and flat-bottom)
- Flat storage buildings (hay, grain, commodity sheds)
- Refrigerated storage and cold storage facilities
- Handling equipment that is permanently affixed to eligible storage facilities (bucket elevators, conveyors, aeration systems)
- Grain drying equipment connected to eligible storage
- Portable storage structures (with specific requirements)
What You Cannot Finance
✓ Eligible
- Grain bins (on-farm)
- Cold storage facilities
- Hay sheds
- Peanut storage
- Aeration and drying systems
- Permanently attached handling equipment
- Portable storage (qualifying types)
✗ Not Eligible
- Processing or milling equipment
- Transportation or hauling equipment
- Commercial off-farm storage
- Storage for non-eligible commodities
- Facility repairs (new construction only)
- Land purchase
- Working capital or operating expenses
Eligible Commodities
To qualify for the FSFL, you must produce a commodity that is eligible for CCC price support programs or be an eligible commodity as defined by the Farm Bill. Major eligible commodities include:
| Commodity Category | Examples |
|---|---|
| Row Crops | Corn, soybeans, grain sorghum, wheat, barley, oats, rye, canola |
| Cotton & Oilseeds | Upland cotton, extra-long staple cotton, sunflower, flaxseed, safflower, sesame |
| Legumes | Peanuts, dry peas, lentils, small chickpeas, large chickpeas |
| Forage | Hay, silage |
| Specialty Crops | Eligible sugar crops, tobacco (with restrictions), rice |
| Fresh Produce (cold storage) | Fruits and vegetables (requires refrigerated facility loan type) |
FSFL Interest Rates
The FSFL rate is tied to the CCC borrowing rate, which is set by the U.S. Treasury. Unlike other FSA loan rates that update quarterly, the CCC rate updates more frequently based on Treasury borrowing costs. In April 2026, the rate stands at approximately 2.50% — making FSFL one of the lowest-cost financing options available for any farm improvement.
The rate is fixed at loan closing for the life of the FSFL — you lock in the rate you receive when you close on your loan, regardless of future CCC rate changes. This makes FSFL loans highly attractive in periods when the CCC rate is low.
Loan Limits and Terms
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Minimum loan amount | $50,000 |
| Maximum loan amount | $500,000 per borrower |
| Down payment required | 15% of total project cost |
| Maximum term — permanent structures | 12 years |
| Maximum term — portable structures | 7 years |
| Maximum term — handling equipment only | 7 years |
| Collateral | The storage facility itself serves as collateral |
| Location requirement | Storage must be located on the farm where the commodity is produced |
How to Apply
FSFL applications are processed at your local county FSA service center — the same office where you'd apply for other FSA loans. The process is generally simpler than a Direct farm ownership or operating loan because the "unable to obtain credit elsewhere" requirement does not apply.
Basic requirements for application:
- Proof that you produce an eligible commodity
- Construction quotes or bids for the proposed facility
- Evidence of farm ownership or long-term lease of the property where storage will be located
- Evidence that the 15% down payment is available
- Basic financial information (current balance sheet)
You do not need 3 years of tax returns or a detailed cash flow projection for most FSFL applications, making this a faster and simpler process than other FSA loan types. Contact your county FSA office to start the process and confirm current documentation requirements.
Is the FSFL Right for You?
Compare FSFL to the two most common alternatives for financing on-farm storage:
| Feature | USDA FSFL | Commercial Equipment Loan | Grain Storage Lease |
|---|---|---|---|
| Typical rate | ~2.50% | 6–9% | N/A (lease payments) |
| Down payment | 15% required | 10–20% typical | None or first/last month |
| Own the facility | Yes — you own it | Yes — you own it | No |
| Approval time | 3–4 weeks | 1–3 weeks | Immediate |
| Max loan / commitment | $500,000 | Lender-dependent | Ongoing obligation |
| Best for | Long-term storage investment at lowest cost | When speed matters or FSFL limit is reached | When you need temporary or seasonal storage only |
For most grain and commodity farmers who plan to store on-farm for multiple years, the FSFL is the clear winner on cost. The 15% down payment and application process are modest hurdles compared to the lifetime interest savings.
Apply for an FSFL at Your County FSA Office
The application process is simpler than other FSA loan types and doesn't require proving inability to get credit elsewhere.
Visit USDA FSA →AcreCompass has no affiliate relationship with USDA.
Frequently Asked Questions
Sources
- USDA FSA — Farm Storage Facility Loan Program
- USDA FSA — Farm Storage Facility Loan Program Fact Sheet, 2025
- USDA Economic Research Service — On-Farm Storage and Marketing, 2024